I want to compare the hash and array in Perl and both of them with a reference and a normal handing over.That is the code, I tried to hold it as simple and fast as possible:
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#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use Benchmark qw(:all) ; my @arr = (1..4); my %hash; @hash{(1..4)}=(1..4); print ref_hash(\%hash); print normal_hash(%hash); print proto_hash(%hash); print ref_arr(\@arr); print normal_arr(@arr); print proto_arr(@arr); cmpthese(-4, { 'ref_hash' => sub {ref_hash(\%hash)}, 'normal_hash' => sub {normal_hash(%hash)}, 'proto_hash' => sub {proto_hash(%hash)}, 'ref_arr' => sub {ref_arr(\@arr)}, 'normal_arr' => sub {normal_arr(@arr)}, 'proto_arr' => sub {proto_arr(@arr)}, }); #hash reference sub ref_hash { my $out; for (keys %{$_[0]}){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } #normal hash sub normal_hash { my $out; for (keys {@_}){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } #prototype hash sub proto_hash(\%) { my $out; for (keys {@_}){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } #refernce array sub ref_arr { my $out; for(@{$_[0]}){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } #normal array sub normal_arr { my $out; for(@_){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } #prototype array sub proto_arr(\@) { my $out; for(@_){ $out .= ($_*2).$/; } return($out.$/."---".$/); } |
Our result :
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4 6 8 2 --- 6 4 2 8 --- 6 4 8 2 --- 2 4 6 8 --- 2 4 6 8 --- 2 4 6 8 --- |
Looks good, the keys from the hashes are not sorted but I don’t want to waste performance with a sort.
Now this is the Benchmark result from 1..4 :
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Rate proto_hash normal_hash ref_hash ref_arr proto_arr normal_arr proto_hash 147908/s -- -12% -31% -56% -59% -60% normal_hash 167716/s 13% -- -22% -50% -54% -54% ref_hash 215426/s 46% 28% -- -35% -40% -41% ref_arr 333199/s 125% 99% 55% -- -8% -9% proto_arr 361439/s 144% 116% 68% 8% -- -2% normal_arr 367775/s 149% 119% 71% 10% 2% -- |
We could see the normal array is faster than the shift and prototype so for small data a reference is not faster than a normal use, but by the hash it is much faster than a normal handing over.and we could see array is faster than a hash, but the hash takes more information (key and values).
And this is the Benchmark result from 1..1000 :
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Rate proto_hash normal_hash ref_hash proto_arr normal_arr ref_arr proto_hash 1014/s -- -0% -37% -61% -61% -63% normal_hash 1019/s 0% -- -37% -61% -61% -63% ref_hash 1611/s 59% 58% -- -38% -39% -42% proto_arr 2606/s 157% 156% 62% -- -1% -6% normal_arr 2623/s 159% 157% 63% 1% -- -5% ref_arr 2759/s 172% 171% 71% 6% 5% -- |
Now the reference from the array and hash are both fastest, the hash is always slower than the array.Just take a look at scalars.
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