Perl default defined variables – store and restore

This is a little Script to store all default defined variables from Perl(Linux) into an Scalar ant then to restore everything like it was before the store function.

{
my @_STORE_Course = ();         #scalar for Regex and program course
my @_STORE_Environment = ();    #scalar for environment
	#store sub
	sub StoreDefVars(){
		@_STORE_Course = ($.,$/,$\,$,,$",$|,$%,$=,$-,$~,$^,$:,$^L,$^A);
		@_STORE_Environment = ($^W,$^X);
	}
	#load sub
	sub LoadDefVars(){
		($.,$/,$\,$,,$",$|,$%,$=,$-,$~,$^,$:,$^L,$^A) = @_STORE_Course;
		($^W,$^X) = @_STORE_Environment;
	}
	sub ChangedDefVars(){
	    my @_CACHE = ($.,$/,$\,$,,$",$|,$%,$=,$-,$~,$^,$:,$^L,$^A);
	    for(0..$#_STORE_Course){
	        return(1) if($_STORE_Course[$_] ne $_CACHE[$_]);
	    }
	    
	    @_CACHE = ($^W,$^X);
	    for(0..$#_STORE_Environment){
	        return(1) if($_STORE_Environment[$_] ne $_CACHE[$_]);
	    }
	    return(0);
	}
	sub PrintDevVars(){
	    print dumper(\@_STORE_Course),"\n";
	    print dumper(\@_STORE_Environment),"\n";
	}
}

Important to include my Data-Dumper !

If you want to store your data in the intern arrays, run this:

StoreDefVars();

• scalar for Regex and program course are stored in “@_Course”
• scalar for environment are stored in “@_Environment”
• hashes and arrays are not stored because they are global or lower scope

only variables that writeable are getting stored.

Then restore your saved variables:

LoadDefVars();

you could see if you changed any default variable with(1=changed):

ChangedDefVars()

Or you could print all Stored Variables:

PrintDevVars

(Important to include my dumper.)

 

---

scalar for Regex and program course:

$_ – contains current value of a loop

for("one","two","three"){
    print $_." ";
}

one two three

$& – contains match of the current Regex
$` – contains the left side of the current Regex
$’– contains the right side of the current Regex

my $var = "one two three";
$var =~ /two/;
print $`,"-",$&,"-",$',"\n";

one -two- three

$1,$2,.. – contains matching groups of Regex
$+ – contains the last group match of an Regex

my $var = "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9";
$var =~ /(\d) (\d) (\d) (\d) (\d) (\d) (\d) (\d) (\d)/;
print $1,"-",$2,"-",$3,"-",$+,"\n";

1-2-3-9

$. – contains the current line number of the input file

open(DATEI, "<test.txt");
while(<DATEI>)
 { print $.," -> ",$_; }
close(DATEI);

1 -> first line
2 -> second line
3 -> last line

$/ – sets the input record separator

print "test".$/;
$/ = ";\n";
print "test".$/;

test
test;

$\ – sets the output record separator, added to every print.

print "test\n";
$\ = ";\n";
print "test";

test  
test;

$, – sets the output field separator, added to ever coma separated element

print 1,2,3,4,"\n";
$, = "-";
print 1,2,3,4,"\n";

1234      
1-2-3-4-

$” – sets the output list separator, added to ever coma separated list

my @arr = (1,2,3,4);
print "@arr\n";
$" = "-";
print "@arr\n";

1 2 3 4   
1-2-3-4

$| – output auto flush, disables the output buffer. 0=off, 1=on

 

---

Format:

$% – current page number
$= – number of lines per page
$- – number of lines left on the page
$~ – name of the current format
$^ – name of the current head format
$: – delimiter of multiple lines
$^L – delimiter of multiple pages
$^A – accumulator

 

---

scalar for environment are stored:
$? – contains the last status of a pipe or child process

system($test) == 0
  or die "on system: $?"

on system: 65280

$! – contains the error status of a pipe or child process.

open(DATEI, "<file.txt")
  or die "error: $!";

error: No such file or directory at main.pl line 3.

$@ – contains an empty string if eval works, and if not it contains the error

eval { test("dir"); };
print "eval error:$@\n" if($@);

eval error:Undefined subroutine &main::test called at main.pl line 3.

$$ – process id
$< – real user id
$> – effective user id
$( – real group id
$) – effective group id

print "Process ID:$$ \n" ;
print "from | real | effective \n" ;
print "user | $<   | $> \n" ;
print "group| $(   | $) \n" ;

Process ID:23024 
from | real | effective 
user | 20104   | 20104 
group| 20104 20104   | 20104 20104

$0 – current program name

print "I am :$0\n" ;

I am :main.pl

$] – current Perl version(is deprecated use $^V instead)

print "Perl Version $] \n" ;

Perl Version 5.018004

$^D – current debugging flag, run your program wit the -D parameter
$^F – highest file descriptor
$^H – contains the number of syntax checks from use strict and other checks
$^I – is defined or undefined if the Inplace flag is set
$^M – could save data if no more ram is available
$^O -contains the current operating system

print "OS: $^O \n" ;

OS: linux

$^P – contains the current debugging status
$^S – the status of the per interpreter, if eval is running its undefined
$^T – contains the start time of the script

sleep(4);
print "Time:".(time()-$^T)."s".$/;

Time:4s

$^V -current Perl interpreter version

print "Perl Version $^V \n" ;

Perl Version v5.18.4

$^W – contains warning from the -w parameter, 1 if set, else 0
$^X – contains the current Perl interpreter path

print "Perl interpreter: $^X \n" ;

Perl interpreter: /usr/bin/perl

 

---

hashes and arrays:
@_ – contains the parameter from calling a function

test(1,2,3,4,5);
sub test{
    for(@_){ print $_.", ";}
}

1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

@ARGV – contains the parameter from calling your Perl script

for(@ARGV){ print $_.", ";}

$ perl main.pl one twoe three
one, twoe, three,

@INC -paths where Perl looks for Modules

for(@INC){ print $_.", ";}

/usr/local/lib64/perl5, /usr/local/share/perl5, /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl, /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl, /usr/lib64/perl5, /usr/share/perl5, .,

@ISA – contains a list of basic classes for object oriented
@EXPORT – Used for Modules to export
@EXPORT_OK – Used for Modules to export, but optional
%ENV – contains environment variables from your system

for(keys %ENV){ print $_.", ";}

LD_LIBRARY_PATH, SMLROOT, GNUSTEP_USER_ROOT, GUILE_LOAD_PATH, GNUSTEP_HOST_CPU, SCRIBACONF, TERM, _, INFOPATH, GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ROOT, GNUSTEP_HOST, GNUSTEP_FLATTENED, GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES, GNUSTEP_HOST_VENDOR, HOSTNAME, GNUSTEP_HOST_OS, HAXE_STD_PATH, SHLVL, LIBRARY_COMBO, DART_SDK, GNUSTEP_PATHLIST, GNUSTEP_LOCAL_ROOT, PWD, GNUSTEP_NETWORK_ROOT, CLASSPATH, HOME, PATH, GNUSTEP_IS_FLATTENED,

%SIG – contains Signal Handler to communicate to other processes

for(keys %SIG){ print $_.", ";}

PIPE, RTMIN, PWR, NUM32, IOT, NUM57, NUM45, STKFLT, NUM53, NUM62, CHLD, NUM36, KILL, NUM37, RTMAX, STOP, NUM39, NUM61, POLL, NUM38, NUM41, NUM47, XFSZ, URG, NUM50, NUM33, TSTP, TTOU, NUM52, PROF, INT, CONT, UNUSED, NUM56, XCPU, NUM55, CLD, FPE, NUM63, TERM, NUM48, NUM42, ABRT, USR1, TTIN, NUM35, ILL, NUM49, NUM43, NUM58, USR2, TRAP, NUM60, NUM51, BUS, SYS, NUM40, HUP, WINCH, IO, ALRM, NUM59, NUM44, NUM46, SEGV, QUIT, VTALRM, NUM54,

 

If you want a list as comment block use this:

=INFO
## programm course
$_ – contains current value of a loop
$& – contains match of the current Regex
$` – contains the left side of the current Regex
$' – contains the right side of the current Regex
$+ – contains the last group match of an Regex
$. – contains the current line number of the input file
$/ – sets the input record separator
$\ – sets the output record separator, added to every print.
$, – sets the output field separator, added to ever coma separated element
$” – sets the output list separator, added to ever coma separated list
$| – output auto flush, disables the output buffer. 0=off, 1=on
## Format
$% – current page number
$= – number of lines per page
$- – number of lines left on the page
$~ – name of the current format
$^ – name of the current head format
$: – delimiter of multiple lines
$^L – delimiter of multiple pages
$^A – accumulator
## Enviroment
$? – contains the last status of a pipe or child process
$! – contains the error status of a pipe or child process.
$@ – contains an empty string if eval works, and if not it contains the error
$$ – process id
$< – real user id
$> – effective user id
$( – real group id
$) – effective group id
$0 – current program name
$^V – current Perl version
$^D – current debugging flag, run your program wit the -D parameter
$^F – highest file descriptor
$^H – contains the number of syntax checks from use strict and other checks
$^I – is defined or undefined if the Inplace flag is set
$^M – could save data if no more ram is available
$^O -contains the current operating system
$^P – contains the current debugging status
$^S – the status of the per interpreter, if eval is running its undefined
$^T – contains the start time of the script
$^W – contains warning from the -w parameter, 1 if set, else 0
$^X – contains the current Perl interpreter path
=cut